Nurek Dam

300-metre earthfill dam, once the tallest in the world

The dam is a massive earthfill wedge across the narrow Vakhsh gorge, and from the access road above the wall the scale is hard to take in: the reservoir stretches back into the mountains for some 70 kilometres, a vivid blue-green strip in an otherwise arid landscape. The view of the dam from below, with the river emerging far down at the base, is genuinely impressive.

The dam itself is a strategic asset and is closed to visitors — photography from close up is officially forbidden, though enforcement is intermittent. The approach roads, viewpoints, and reservoir shoreline are accessible to anyone who drives up. Combine with the drive along the Vakhsh valley between Dushanbe and Khujand.

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Completed in 1980 after twenty years of Soviet construction, Nurek was the tallest dam in the world at 300 metres — a record it held until the Chinese-built Jinping-I Dam overtook it in 2013. Its hydroelectric station still produces roughly three-quarters of Tajikistan's electricity, more than any other facility in Central Asia.