The Zapata Swamp National Park protects the largest and best-preserved wetland in the insular Caribbean. It is the only known habitat of the Zapata wren and Zapata sparrow, both endemic to this single area, and it supports the largest remaining population of the Cuban crocodile in the wild. More than 280 bird species pass through or breed here, including the bee hummingbird — the smallest bird in the world.
Serious birders work with guides at the park headquarters near Playa Larga or at the Bermejas trailhead, where a permit and a local guide are required. The endemics can be heard far more reliably than seen. Casual visitors get a worthwhile flavour from the boat ride across Laguna del Tesoro or from the walking trails behind Boca de Guamá. Dawn is when the birding is best; bring insect repellent suitable for serious mosquitoes.