Arch of Septimius Severus

Triumphal arch at the heart of Leptis Magna, built for an emperor born in this city

The Arch of Septimius Severus stands at the main crossroads of Leptis Magna, where the city's two principal streets intersected. It is a four-faced triumphal arch (tetrapylon) built in 203 CE to honour the emperor who was born in this city, and its carved relief panels — now partially in the Tripoli museum — depicted scenes of Roman military victory and imperial ceremony in extraordinary detail.

The arch is one of the most photogenic structures at Leptis Magna: four massive stone piers supporting arched openings on all four sides, still standing to near-original height, framing views across the ancient city. The carved panels that remain in situ show the quality of craftsmanship that Severus brought to his home city — the best Roman sculptors of the period worked here. The Severan Forum and Basilica nearby were built at the same time and form a coherent urban complex.

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A story
The arch was built between 203 and 210 CE to celebrate the emperor Septimius Severus's Parthian victory and his visit to his hometown — the first and only time he returned to Leptis Magna after becoming emperor. The four-sided arch (a tetrapylon) stood at the intersection of the city's two main streets, the cardo and the decumanus. After centuries buried under sand, it was excavated by Italian archaeologists in the 1920s and 30s.