Caldeira Velha

A small set of natural thermal pools tucked into rainforest on the slopes of the Fogo volcano, fifteen minutes by car south of Ribeira Grande. The water comes out of the rock at around 35°C, runs down a basalt cascade, and collects in two main pools — one rust-coloured from dissolved iron, the other slightly cooler — surrounded by tree ferns and giant Azorean conifers.

It is a regulated site now, with a small entry fee, timed entries to keep the pools from getting overcrowded, and a small visitor centre on the geology. Bring a swimsuit, sandals you do not mind getting muddy, and a towel. Mornings on weekdays are quiet; weekend afternoons are not.

things to do sight hot spring swimming
A story
The hot pools sit on the flank of the active Fogo volcano, which last erupted in 1563 and buried part of nearby Ribeira Seca under ash. The water bubbling up here is rainwater that fell on the mountain decades earlier, heated by the same magma chamber that fed that eruption, and is naturally rich in iron — which is what stains the rocks and pools rust-red.