The shallow Atlantic flats east of Big Pine Key are among the most celebrated bonefishing and permit grounds in the world. The water is clear enough to sight-fish — you stand on the bow of a skiff poled by a guide through ankle-to-knee-deep water and cast to individual fish you can see feeding on the grass flats. Bonefish, permit, and tarpon are the three prizes of Keys flats fishing, and catching all three in a single trip — the "grand slam" — is the benchmark that serious anglers chase.
Big Pine Key is home to some of the most experienced flats guides in the Keys, many of whom have been working the same waters for twenty or thirty years. Half-day and full-day guided trips are available year-round, though tarpon season peaks in April through June when the fish congregate in the channels. Permit are present year-round. Bonefish are more available in the warmer months. Licenses are required and can be purchased online through the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.