The Florence County Museum covers local history from the city's origins as a railroad junction through the Civil War period and into the present. The collection includes archaeological finds from the Pee Dee region, material from the Florence Stockade (the Confederate prisoner-of-war camp), and exhibits on the development of the town as a railroad hub.
The museum relocated to a new building in the downtown historic district, which itself is worth exploring for the concentration of early 20th-century commercial and civic architecture. Florence grew rapidly in the late 19th century as the junction point of several rail lines, and the downtown reflects that period of growth. The museum is one of the more substantive cultural institutions in the Pee Dee region and makes a good stop for visitors with an hour to spare between interstate drives.