The Atlantic Forest rising immediately above Paraty is among the most biodiverse ecosystems on earth, and it starts just minutes from the historic centre. A network of trails runs into the Serra da Bocaina National Park, ranging from short walks to the waterfalls near town to multi-day treks along the ancient gold road to the mountains.
The Cachoeira do Tobogã — a natural waterslide carved into smooth rock by a river — is a popular half-day trip, accessible without a guide. For longer hikes, a guide is advisable both for navigation and for spotting wildlife: the forest here harbours jaguars, tapirs, and a remarkable concentration of bird species including several endemic to the Atlantic Forest. Guided tours can be arranged through agencies in the historic centre.