Currency
The official currency is the Somaliland shilling (SL Sh), but US dollars are used interchangeably in most transactions. Prices in shops, hotels, and taxis are often quoted in dollars. Bring sufficient cash — there are no ATMs and credit cards are not accepted anywhere.
Moneychangers operate openly on the streets of Hargeisa; rates are competitive and the transaction is straightforward. The shilling has large denominations that look substantial but are worth little — changing US$100 produces a thick brick of notes.
The mobile money apps Zaad (on Telesom) and e-Dahab (on Somtel) handle a large proportion of local commerce. Getting a SIM is easy and cheap; loading it with credit allows you to pay for taxis, food, and many services without handling cash.
Communications
Mobile coverage is good in Hargeisa and other main towns, thinner in rural areas. Telesom and Somtel are the main operators. SIM cards are sold at small kiosks everywhere and cost almost nothing. International calls and data are cheap by regional standards.
Safety
Hargeisa and the main towns in the western and central regions are safe by the standards of the Horn of Africa. Petty crime exists but violent crime targeting foreigners is rare. The political situation is more stable than most of the region.
The eastern regions — Sool and parts of Sanaag — have been subject to periodic conflict, most recently linked to disputes with Puntland. Do not travel there without current, reliable local advice.
Health
Malaria is present, particularly in lower-altitude areas and during or after the rains. Take prophylaxis and use insect repellent. Tap water is not safe to drink — stick to bottled water. Medical facilities are limited; Hargeisa has the best options, but for anything serious you would need to reach Addis Ababa or Nairobi.
Religion and Social Norms
Somaliland is a conservative Muslim society. Dress modestly — for women this means covered shoulders and legs; for men, shorts are acceptable in cities but long trousers are more appropriate in smaller towns. Alcohol is not available and is not something to look for.
Friday is the main day of rest. Business hours vary but most shops and offices are closed during Friday prayers.
Entry Notes
Somaliland is not internationally recognised and does not appear in most government travel advisories as a distinct entity. Several Western governments issue do-not-travel advisories for "Somalia" that nominally include Somaliland — read these with awareness that the security situation differs considerably. Register with your embassy if your country has representation in the region.