The Yangshao Village site, southwest of Sanmenxia in Mianchi County, is where Chinese Neolithic archaeology effectively began. When Johan Gunnar Andersson excavated here in 1921, he found distinctive red-and-black painted pottery associated with agricultural settlements dated to roughly 7000–2800 BCE. The culture he identified — later called the Yangshao culture — proved to be one of the most widespread Neolithic traditions in East Asia, extending from Gansu in the west to the Hebei coast in the east.
The site today has a small museum covering the excavation history and the characteristic pottery styles of the Yangshao culture, particularly the elegant spirals, fish, and human face motifs that define its aesthetic. The Miaodigou phase of Yangshao pottery, associated with sites in this Sanmenxia region specifically, includes some of the most accomplished painted ceramics from prehistoric China. The museum is modest but the archaeological significance is real: coming here connects the Guo State bronzes at the Sanmenxia museum to a much deeper human occupation of the same valley.