Chatrapur is well connected by rail. It sits on the Chennai–Howrah main line (the Coromandel Corridor), and most trains running the Odisha coast stop here. From Bhubaneswar, the journey takes roughly two hours; from Berhampur (Brahmapur), about 20 minutes. The railway station is centrally located.
By road, Chatrapur lies on NH-16 (the old NH-5), and buses run frequently from Berhampur, Bhubaneswar, and Visakhapatnam. The main bus stand is near the town centre. Local auto-rickshaws and cycle-rickshaws handle transport within town.
The nearest airport is Visakhapatnam (Vizag) in Andhra Pradesh, roughly 150 kilometres south. Bhubaneswar airport is about 200 kilometres north.