Adam's Bridge (Ram Setu)

Adam's Bridge — known in Hindu tradition as Ram Setu, Rama's Bridge — is a chain of limestone shoals, sandbanks, and small islands stretching 50 kilometres between Dhanushkodi at the tip of Pamban Island and Mannar Island in Sri Lanka. At low tide, parts of the chain are exposed above water. The formation marks the spot described in the Ramayana where Rama's army of vanaras (monkey warriors) built a causeway to cross to Lanka and rescue Sita from Ravana.

The shoals are not accessible by boat in the conventional sense, but the view from Dhanushkodi toward the chain — low mounds of pale sand appearing and disappearing with the tide — is striking. The religious significance is enormous: this is the physical expression of one of Hinduism's central narrative events, located in a landscape that matches the description. Geologically, the chain is formed from raised coral and sand, possibly exposed by sea level changes at the end of the last ice age.

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NASA satellite images released in 2002 showed a near-continuous chain of shoals and sandbanks stretching between Dhanushkodi and Mannar Island in Sri Lanka, at almost exactly the position described in the Ramayana for Rama's bridge to Lanka. The images sparked intense debate between archaeologists (who see a natural geological formation) and Hindu groups (who see confirmation of the epic's historicity). The Indian government has been unable to take a definitive position since.

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