Miyako Island is served by Miyakojima Airport (MMY), which has direct flights from Tokyo Haneda, Osaka Itami, Osaka Kansai, Naha (Okinawa main island), and several other Japanese cities. The flight from Tokyo takes about three hours; from Naha it is about 45 minutes. ANA, JAL, and Skymark all operate routes. Fares vary widely — book early if you're travelling in summer or around the triathlon in April.
There is no ferry connection from the main Japanese islands. Inter-island ferries connect Miyako to the Yaeyama Islands (Ishigaki and Iriomote), but the journey takes several hours and rough seas are common; most people fly.