The Caspian coast climate is extreme. Summers (June to August) are brutally hot and dry, with temperatures regularly above 40°C and little shade in the city. Winters (December to February) are cold, occasionally dropping below freezing, with strong winds off the Caspian. Spring and autumn — April to May and September to October — are the most comfortable times to visit, with mild temperatures and calmer conditions on the sea.
The ferry to Baku runs year-round, though winter storms on the Caspian can cause delays. If you are timing a crossing, spring and autumn give the best combination of sea conditions and tolerable weather while you wait.
Turkmenistan observes its national holidays with enthusiasm. The anniversary of independence (27 October) and Nowruz (around 21 March) bring some activity to an otherwise quiet city, but neither is a reason to schedule a visit here specifically.