By air
Islam Karimov Tashkent International Airport (TAS) is the main entry point for most visitors. Uzbekistan Airways, the national carrier, flies direct from London, Frankfurt, Istanbul, Moscow, Dubai, Delhi, Seoul, Beijing, and numerous other cities. Turkish Airlines has a strong presence with multiple daily flights via Istanbul. Flydubai, Air Arabia, and several Russian and CIS carriers also serve Tashkent. From Europe, a typical routing is through Istanbul or Dubai.
Samarkand and Bukhara have international airports that receive seasonal charters and some direct flights from Turkey and Russia, which can be convenient if you want to start or end your trip in one of the Silk Road cities rather than the capital.
Urgench (for Khiva) is served by domestic flights and a few regional routes.
By rail
Tashkent connects by rail to Almaty (Kazakhstan), Moscow, and other CIS destinations, though these are long journeys — Moscow is around three days by train. Cross-border rail travel is less common than it used to be; most international visitors arrive by air.
By road
Uzbekistan shares land borders with Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Afghanistan. The Kazakhstan border at Chernyaevka (near Tashkent) is the most-used crossing for overland travelers, with frequent shared taxis and minibuses. The Kyrgyzstan border at Dostyk is popular for those doing a Central Asia loop. Tajikistan borders are sometimes subject to closures due to political tensions — check current conditions before planning an overland crossing.
The Afghanistan border is closed to foreign nationals.