Goulburn Court House is a handsome colonial sandstone building on Montague Street, dating from 1887 and designed by the Colonial Architect James Barnet. It is one of the best surviving examples of the Victorian institutional architecture that once characterised regional New South Wales centres — a dignified two-storey sandstone building with classical pilasters and an imposing pediment that declares the authority of the colony's legal system in an era when such declarations were thought to matter.
The building is still in use as a working courthouse. The exterior can be viewed freely; the interior is accessible on court sitting days. The surrounding block, with its police barracks, court buildings, and associated structures, preserves a coherent piece of 19th-century civic Goulburn.