The Collegiate Church of Sint-Walburga stands just off the Markt and is the oldest and largest church in Oudenaarde. Construction began in the thirteenth century and continued across several phases, producing a mix of Romanesque origins and Gothic elaboration that is typical of the region's larger churches. The interior is spacious and relatively austere, which makes the few significant artworks — including Flemish Baroque paintings — stand out clearly.
The tower is the most prominent feature of the town's skyline and houses a carillon of historic bells. The church treasury contains goldsmith's work and liturgical objects from the medieval and early modern periods. Like most Flemish Gothic churches, Sint-Walburga repays a slow circuit of the interior — the choir stalls, the memorial slabs in the floor, and the carved stonework each have something to offer.