Currency and money. Portugal uses the euro (€). ATMs are widespread and accept most international cards; expect a fee from your home bank. Credit cards are accepted almost everywhere in cities and tourist areas; carry some cash for rural markets, smaller cafes, and tolls on unmanned roads.
Visas. EU and EEA citizens enter freely. Citizens of the US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil, and many other countries can stay up to 90 days within any 180-day period without a visa. Your passport should be valid for at least three months beyond your planned departure date. Portugal is part of the Schengen Area, so your 90-day limit applies across the whole Schengen zone, not just Portugal.
Language. Portuguese. English is widely spoken in Lisbon, Porto, and tourist areas, and fairly common among younger people across the country. Rural areas and older generations are less likely to speak English, but a few words of Portuguese go a long way. Spanish works in a pinch — most Portuguese will understand it, even if they'd rather not respond in kind.
Eating out. Restaurants often bring bread, olives, or cheese to your table without asking. These are not free: you'll be charged for anything you eat. If you don't want them, just ask the waiter to take them away. Portions are generous; many places offer a meia dose (half portion) for slightly more than half the price — worth asking about. The prato do dia (dish of the day) at lunchtime is usually the best-value option.
Tipping. Not compulsory, but rounding up or leaving 5–10% is appreciated in restaurants. Rounding up on taxi fares is standard.
Electricity. 230V, 50Hz, with European round two-pin plugs (Type F).
Emergency number. 112 (police, ambulance, fire).
Health. No vaccinations are required. Portugal has good public healthcare; EU citizens should carry their European Health Insurance Card (EHIC). Others should have travel insurance. Pharmacies (farmácias) are well-stocked and pharmacists often give useful advice for minor ailments.