Carmarthen Castle

A ruined Norman and medieval castle above the Tywi, the administrative seat of west Wales for four centuries

Carmarthen Castle is a fragment of what was once one of the great royal castles of medieval Wales. The original earthwork was thrown up by the Norman Roger Montgomery around 1093, and the stone castle that followed was the administrative seat of the English crown in southwest Wales for four centuries. Most of what remained was demolished in the 19th century to make way for the county gaol — and the County Hall now stands on much of the inner ward.

What survives is enough to give the picture: a substantial 14th-century twin-towered gatehouse facing the town, a stretch of curtain wall running along the cliff edge above the river, and the lower courses of a couple of mural towers. The interior precinct has been laid out as a small park with information panels, and the gatehouse is occasionally open for guided tours.

Entry is free and the site is open at all reasonable hours. Allow 30 minutes. The viewing point on the south wall gives the best view of the Tywi estuary and the Carmarthen Bridge.

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A story
The castle changed hands so often during the Welsh wars of the 12th and 13th centuries that one chronicler simply stopped counting. Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, the last native Prince of Wales, took it in 1262 and held it until Edward I retook it in 1277. After Edward's conquest the castle became the administrative capital of southwest Wales, and the south-west judges' circuit was based here for the next 400 years. The 1819 county gaol built into the ruins continued to use the castle's medieval walls as its perimeter — and the modern Carmarthenshire County Hall sits on the same site today.

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