The classic Colca Canyon trek is a two- or three-day loop that starts and ends at Cabanaconde, descending into the canyon on the western side, traversing villages on the canyon floor, and climbing back up via Sangalle. Day one: descend from Cabanaconde to San Juan de Chuccho (about 4 hours) where small family lodges offer beds and meals. Day two: traverse to Cosñirhua and Malata, with optional swims at small natural pools, then drop down to Sangalle for the night. Day three: the long climb back up to Cabanaconde.
You do not need a guide for the standard loop — the trail is clear and other hikers are usually visible — but several Cabanaconde agencies offer guided versions for not much money. The trail is unshaded and can be brutally hot from 10 am to 3 pm; start at dawn for the descent and the final climb. Acclimatise in Arequipa or Chivay for at least a day before attempting it.