Balangir Junction railway station connects the town to Raipur in Chhattisgarh to the northwest and to the Odisha rail network to the east. Trains to Sambalpur (around 3 hours) and onward to Bhubaneswar run regularly, though journey times are long and services are infrequent compared to major rail corridors. The station is one of the main transport hubs in western Odisha.
By bus, Balangir is connected to Bhubaneswar (roughly 6–7 hours), Sambalpur (3–4 hours), and Raipur. State-run OSRTC buses and private operators serve these routes. The bus stand is near the centre of town.
The nearest airport is Veer Surendra Sai Airport at Jharsuguda, about 120 km away, with limited flights connecting it to a few Indian cities. Most visitors arrive by train or road.