Mahishasuramardini Cave Temple

The Mahishasuramardini Cave Temple is cut into the hillside above the main Mahabalipuram complex, up a path past Krishna's Butterball. The cave itself is a modest mandapa with three chambers, but its two principal relief panels rank among the most important Pallava sculptures in existence.

One wall shows Durga on her lion mount, charging a demon army; the dynamism of the carving — weapons, figures, animals in violent motion — is extraordinary for stone. The other wall shows Vishnu in cosmic sleep, calm and immense. The contrast between the two panels — action and repose, war and rest — appears deliberate. The cave is open daily and can be combined with the Olakkannesvara Temple on the hill directly above it.

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The relief panel here showing Durga slaying the buffalo-demon Mahishasura is one of the finest examples of Pallava sculpture anywhere — the goddess fights with eight arms, each holding a different weapon, her expression serene while the battle rages around her. The opposite wall carries an equally remarkable scene of Vishnu reclining on the cosmic serpent, attended by celestials. Both panels date to the 7th century.

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