Bukhara is on the main road and rail corridor linking Samarkand to Khiva, and most travellers arrive as part of an Uzbekistan circuit. The fastest option from Tashkent or Samarkand is the Afrosiyob high-speed train, which runs several times daily and covers the Tashkent–Bukhara route in about three hours. Tickets sell out in advance during peak season (spring and autumn) — book online through the Uzbekistan Railways website.
Bukhara International Airport receives domestic flights from Tashkent (under an hour) and some seasonal international services. It is small and efficient; the centre of the old city is about 6km from the terminal, a short taxi ride.
Long-distance buses and shared taxis connect Bukhara to Samarkand (roughly 3 hours) and Nukus or Urgenchi for onward travel to Khiva (5–6 hours). The bus station is on the eastern edge of the city. Shared taxis are faster and barely more expensive than buses; drivers gather near the station and depart when full.