Prague Spring International Music Festival (May–June)
One of Europe's most prestigious classical music festivals, running since 1946. Concerts are held across the city's historic venues — the Rudolfinum, the Municipal House, and St. Vitus Cathedral. The festival opens traditionally on the anniversary of Bedřich Smetana's death with a performance of his Má vlast cycle.
Burning of the Witches / Čarodějnice (April 30)
A pre-Christian spring festival marking the end of winter. Bonfires are lit across the country, effigies of witches are burned, and people gather outdoors to grill sausages and drink. Very widely observed — look for local fires in parks and fields on the evening of April 30.
Karlovy Vary International Film Festival (July)
One of the oldest and most respected film festivals in Europe, drawing international filmmakers and a strong selection of Central and Eastern European cinema. The city fills up completely during festival week — book accommodation far in advance.
Strážnice International Folklore Festival (June)
Held in the South Moravian town of Strážnice, one of the largest folk music and dance festivals in Europe. Performers come from across Central and Eastern Europe. Traditional Moravian costumes, music, and dancing.
Wine Harvest Festivals / Vinobraní (September–October)
Celebrated throughout South Moravia's wine regions. The largest events are in Mikulov, Znojmo, and Uherské Hradiště. Expect open wine cellars, harvest parades, local food, and general festivity. A good reason to visit Moravia in autumn.
Christmas Markets (late November–December)
Prague's Old Town Square and Wenceslas Square host markets that are atmospheric and heavily attended. Mulled wine (svařák), hot mead (medovina), trdelník, and traditional crafts. Brno, Olomouc, and Český Krumlov also have good markets. Crowds peak in the weekend before Christmas.
Easter
Czech Easter involves the tradition of pomlázka — boys and men go door to door on Easter Monday with braided willow whips, tapping women on the legs to bring them health and fertility. In return they receive decorated eggs (kraslice) and sometimes shots of spirits. It's more jovial than it sounds.