From Cusco: Shared minibuses (colectivos) depart from near the Mercado de Santiago and from the Pavitos terminal, taking about 1.5–2 hours to Ollantaytambo for a few soles. Tourist shuttles also run from the major Cusco hotels, though they cost more. A private taxi takes about 1.5 hours.
By train: Ollantaytambo is the primary departure point for trains to Aguas Calientes (for Machu Picchu). PeruRail and Inca Rail both operate services. Booking in advance is essential during high season. The journey to Aguas Calientes takes about 1.5–2 hours through increasingly dramatic canyon scenery.
Note on the Inca Trail: Hikers doing the classic 4-day Inca Trail begin at Km 82 or Km 88 of the railway line, which are accessible from Ollantaytambo. The trail is heavily regulated and must be booked months in advance through licensed operators. Permits sell out quickly, especially for the March–October season.