On foot — The old town, Id Kah Mosque, and the main bazaar area are all walkable from each other. The distances in the historic centre are short enough that you rarely need transport for sightseeing within the old town itself.
By bicycle — Renting a bicycle is the best way to explore the oasis beyond the city. Most guesthouses can arrange a rental for around 20–30 yuan per day. The terrain is flat and the roads in the oasis are quiet. This is strongly recommended.
By pedicab — Three-wheeled pedicabs are the traditional short-distance transport in Kashgar and the most practical way to reach the Afaq Khoja Mausoleum and the Sunday livestock market from the old town. They are metered in theory; negotiate a price before you set off in practice. A ride to the mausoleum should cost no more than 15–20 yuan.
By taxi — Standard taxis are plentiful and cheap by Western standards. Most drivers speak no English; have your destination written in Chinese characters. The airport and train station are both served by taxis and by buses.
Apps — Didi (the Chinese Uber equivalent) works in Kashgar and is often simpler than flagging a street taxi, particularly if you don't speak Mandarin or Uyghur. You will need a Chinese phone number to register.