Bargarh sits on National Highway 53 between Sambalpur (50 km east) and Raipur in Chhattisgarh (about 230 km west). State transport and private buses run frequently in both directions, and the journey from Sambalpur takes around 90 minutes; from Bhubaneswar by direct bus it is a long seven to eight hours.
The town has its own railway station, Bargarh Road, on the Howrah–Mumbai main line via Nagpur, with several daily expresses in each direction. The Hirakud Express and the Sambalpuri Express are useful overnight services from Bhubaneswar. The nearest airport is Jharsuguda (about 100 km north), which has flights to Bhubaneswar, Kolkata, Hyderabad and Delhi; Raipur and Bhubaneswar are the larger international gateways within driving distance.