Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park

800-square-kilometre national park encompassing Bromo, the Tengger caldera, and Mount Semeru

Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park covers over 800 square kilometres of highland East Java, encompassing the Tengger caldera and Bromo volcano in its northern section and Mount Semeru — Java's highest peak at 3,676 metres — in the south. The park was designated a national park in 1982 and is one of Java's most visited natural areas.

The northern section, around Bromo, is accessible year-round and heavily visited. The southern section, around Semeru, requires a multi-day trek beginning from Ranu Pani village and is visited by serious hikers only. The park entrance fee is charged at the gates at Cemoro Lawang and other entry points. Rangers are present; the main rules prohibit approaching the active crater during eruption alerts and require a guide for some routes.

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A story
The Tengger highlands are the only place in Indonesia with a continuous Hindu community dating from before the arrival of Islam. When the Majapahit kingdom fell in the 15th century and most of Java converted to Islam, the people of the Tengger highlands retreated further into the mountains and maintained their practices. Today the Tengger Hinduism practised here is distinct from Balinese Hinduism and incorporates older Javanese animist elements not found elsewhere in Indonesia.