Khiva is in north-western Uzbekistan, about 35 km south-west of Urgench, which has the nearest airport. Urgench has daily flights from Tashkent (about two hours) and seasonal connections to other Uzbek cities and to Moscow. From Urgench airport, shared taxis and marshrutkas run frequently to Khiva for a few thousand som; a private taxi takes around 45 minutes.
A second option is the train. Khiva has its own small station; the most useful service is the night train from Tashkent, which takes around 17 hours, and the high-speed Afrosiyob from Bukhara via Urgench, which has cut the journey from the south down to about six hours. The road from Bukhara crosses the Kyzylkum desert and is a memorable journey in its own right — eight hours by shared taxi.