By air: Air Caledonie (Aircal) operates domestic flights from Noumea's Magenta Airport to the Loyalty Islands (Lifou, Maré, Ouvéa), Isle of Pines (Ile des Pins), and several towns along Grande Terre. For the outer islands, flying is usually the most practical option. Charter planes and helicopters can be arranged but are expensive.
By ferry: High-speed ferries connect Noumea to the Loyalty Islands and Isle of Pines. The journey to Ile des Pins takes around four hours; to Lifou about six. Beloep Evasion and other operators run services; check schedules before you go as they vary by season. Ferries are a popular option for the outer islands — the scenery is worth it if you're not in a rush.
By bus: Noumea has its own city bus network. On Grande Terre, long-distance buses (cars) depart from Noumea's main bus station (gare routière) and serve most major towns and villages. The network is reasonably extensive but services can be infrequent, especially on the east coast and at weekends.
By car: Renting a car is the best way to explore Grande Terre at your own pace. All major rental companies are based in Noumea; rates are high by international standards and you must be at least 21 to rent. The main coastal roads are well-sealed. Secondary roads and those inland can be rough, and driving at night requires care — animals and pedestrians on unlit roads are a real hazard. A 4WD is worth considering if you plan to explore the interior or the far north.
By taxi: Taxis are available in Noumea but are expensive. Confirm the fare or check the meter before you set off.
Hitchhiking: Common and generally accepted outside Noumea, particularly on the east coast. Use your judgment as you would anywhere.