Fort de Vaux

First World War fort, scene of a famous seven-day siege

The smaller of the two main Verdun forts, Fort de Vaux was the scene of a week-long German siege in June 1916 that became one of the symbols of French resistance. After running out of water, food and ammunition, Major Raynal surrendered with full military honours. Crown Prince Wilhelm reportedly returned Raynal's sword to him in recognition of the defence.

The visit follows the fort's claustrophobic corridors, the gun turrets, the underground galleries, the gas-filled compartments where soldiers died. There is a memorial plaque to Vaillant the pigeon at the entrance. Less crowded than Douaumont and more intimate; allow 90 minutes including the walk around the exterior. Open daily except Mondays in winter.

things to do sight
A story
When the garrison's water ran out and the air inside was thick with poison gas, the commander Major Sylvain Raynal sent his last carrier pigeon, Vaillant, with a desperate message. The bird died on arrival after passing on the message. Vaillant was the only pigeon ever to be decorated with the Légion d'honneur.