Currency: The Paraguayan guaraní (PYG, symbol ₲) is the local currency. Notes come in denominations of 2,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, and 100,000 guaraníes. Paraguay is largely cash-based once you leave the main cities, so carry enough for rural travel. ATMs are plentiful in Asunción and accept Visa, Maestro, and Cirrus cards; they're much rarer in small towns and non-existent in the Chaco.
Money exchange: Banks and official casas de cambio offer the best rates. Avoid airport exchanges — rates are poor. Counterfeit notes circulate; use reputable sources and check your change. US dollars are widely accepted in larger establishments and are easy to exchange. Keep small bills for buses, markets, and rural areas.
Tipping: Not expected but appreciated. A few thousand guaraníes for good restaurant service is reasonable; taxi drivers don't typically expect tips.
Language: Spanish is spoken everywhere, but Guaraní is widely used in conversation, especially outside Asunción. Street signs and informal communication often mix both. English is spoken in tourist-oriented businesses but is otherwise uncommon. Learning a few words of Guaraní (mborerekó — you're welcome; mba'éichapa — how are you?) will earn you goodwill.
Safety: Paraguay is one of the safer countries in South America for travellers. Asunción has improved considerably in recent years, though the centre can be rough after dark. Ciudad del Este has a reputation for street crime and it's inadvisable to stay overnight near the market area. Use common sense: don't flash expensive equipment, take licensed taxis at night, and keep copies of your documents.
Communications: Mobile coverage is good in cities and along major highways; expect nothing in the Chaco interior. SIM cards from Tigo or Personal are cheap and widely available. Wi-Fi is available in most hotels and cafes in Asunción.
Electricity: 220V, 50Hz. Plug types are a mix — Type C (two round pins) is most common, with some Type A and B sockets. Bring a universal adaptor.
Opening hours: Government offices and most businesses work Monday–Friday, 7am–noon and 3pm–6pm. The midday closure is strictly observed. Banks usually open 8am–2pm. Many shops stay open later, especially in Asunción.