The historic centre of Puno is compact and walkable, but the altitude (3,830 metres) makes uphill walking surprisingly tiring. From Plaza de Armas you can reach the cathedral, Jirón Lima, the central market, and Parque Pino all on foot in 10 to 15 minutes; the harbour is a slower 25-minute walk down Avenida El Sol.
Taxis are cheap and plentiful — most central rides cost 4 to 7 soles. Most are unmetered three-wheeled rickshaw taxis ("mototaxis") and standard cars; agree the fare before getting in. The mototaxis are easier on the legs but cold in the evening wind.
For the surrounding region — Sillustani, Chucuito, the Capachica peninsula — the cheapest way is a colectivo van from the relevant terminal, but tours from Puno-based agencies are easier and not much more expensive. Public buses run from the main bus terminal south of the centre.