Chaouen has no train station and no airport. All access is by road.
By bus: CTM and Supratours run daily buses from Fez (around 4 hours), Tangier (about 3 hours), and Casablanca (6–7 hours). Buses arrive at the new bus station below the medina; a short walk or taxi ride gets you to the centre.
By grand taxi: Shared grand taxis run from Tetouan (the nearest city of any size) and from Tangier. They are faster and sometimes cheaper than buses on shorter routes, but you share with five other passengers.
By car: From Fez, take the A2 motorway toward Rabat, exit at Ouazzane, then follow N13 and N2 north into the Rif. From Tangier, the route is through Tetouan on N13. Parking in the medina is impossible; there is a car park below the main gate.
The nearest airports with good connections are Tangier Ibn Battuta (TNG) and Fez–Saiss (FEZ). Both are well-served by low-cost European carriers.