The Kaesong city walls once formed a continuous defensive ring more than 27 km long, climbing the hills around Manwoldae palace and enclosing the whole medieval city. They were built in stages between the 10th and 14th centuries and incorporated natural ridgelines, watchtowers, and four main gates.
Today only fragments survive. The most visible sections run along the slopes of Mt Songak north of the city and along ridgelines to the east. From the higher viewpoints — usually accessed as part of the Manwoldae visit — you can see the city laid out below and trace where the walls ran. They are part of the UNESCO-listed Historic Monuments and Sites in Kaesong.