The Assumption Cathedral is Vladimir's masterpiece and one of the finest white-stone churches in Russia. Built in 1158 by Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky and enlarged in 1189, it served as the principal cathedral of the Vladimir-Suzdal principality — the dominant power in medieval Rus before the Mongol invasion of 1237–38. The building is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Inside, the cathedral preserves fragments of frescoes painted by Andrei Rublev and his workshop in 1408 — the greatest icon painter in Russian history. The best-preserved section shows the Last Judgment, with the composition spreading across the western bays of the nave in pale blues and ochres that have survived eight centuries. The cathedral's golden helmet domes dominate Vladimir's skyline and are visible from most of the town.