Sudak is a small resort town on Crimea's southeastern coast, sheltered in a bay between Cape Alchak and the dramatic headland topped by the Genoese Fortress. The fortress is the town's main attraction — a remarkably well-preserved 14th-century fortification built by Genoese traders who controlled this stretch of coast. Its massive walls, towers, and gatehouse cling to a rocky ridge above the sea, and the views from the upper citadel are spectacular.
The town has been a settlement since antiquity. Founded around the 3rd century, it was known as Sugdeia to the Byzantines and Soldaia to the Genoese, and it became one of the most important trading posts on the northern Black Sea coast. Archaeological finds spanning from the Bronze Age to the medieval period have been uncovered here.
Sudak is also the centre of Crimea's wine-growing region. The surrounding valleys produce some of the peninsula's best grapes, and the local wines — particularly from the Novy Svet winery nearby — are worth trying. The beaches are pebbly but pleasant, and the climate is mild, with a long swimming season from May through October.