Santa Ana Volcano (Ilamatepec)

El Salvador's highest volcano, with a turquoise acidic crater lake above the surrounding cloud forest.

The hike to the crater rim of the Santa Ana Volcano is the most dramatic outing from the city. The trail begins at the Cerro Verde visitor centre, about 20 km south of Santa Ana, and climbs through cloud forest before emerging onto the volcanic rim. From the top, on a clear day, you can see across to the Coatepeque Caldera lake below and, in the other direction, the Pacific.

The hike is only permitted with the national park rangers who accompany groups. Departures are typically at 11am; arrive by 10:30 to register. Check locally for current conditions and whether the trail is open — it closes periodically for safety. Entry to Cerro Verde National Park plus guide fee required.

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Santa Ana Volcano, known locally as Ilamatepec ("Hill of the Old Woman"), is El Salvador's highest peak at 2,381 metres. The crater holds a turquoise acidic lake — one of the few such lakes in the world — and the hike from Cerro Verde takes about two hours each way. The volcano last erupted seriously in 2005, throwing rocks a kilometre from the crater, which is why rangers only allow the hike with an escort.