Cooperative Dolphin Fishermen

The mullet fishery on the Lagoa do Imaruí lagoon in Laguna involves something genuinely remarkable: a population of wild boto dolphins (Tursiops truncatus gephyreus, the Lahille's bottlenose dolphin) that actively cooperate with fishermen to catch fish. Between April and July, when mullet schools move through the lagoon, the dolphins herd the fish toward shore. At a precise moment — signalled by a distinctive downward dive or tail slap — the fishermen cast their nets in synchrony with the dolphins' movements. The dolphins benefit from the disoriented fish that escape the net; the fishermen catch far more than they could alone.

The lagoon at Barranceira, on the southern shore of the Lagoa do Imaruí, is the best place to watch the interaction. Local guides can take you out by small boat in the right season, and the dolphins are often visible close to shore. There are no guaranteed sightings — it is a natural behaviour, not a performance — but the chances during peak mullet season (May to June) are good.

things to do sight
A story
The behaviour was first documented scientifically in 1983, but local fishermen have known about it for generations — grandmothers teach children the specific tail-slap signals that mean the dolphins have found a school of fish. UNESCO recognised the practice in 2012 as an example of intangible cultural heritage, and a 2012 study confirmed that the cooperation is learned behaviour, not instinct, passed from older dolphins to younger ones.

Other places in Things to Do