Domestic flights. Air Botswana and several charter companies connect Gaborone, Maun, Kasane, and Francistown. Light aircraft charters are the standard way to reach remote delta lodges -- your lodge will arrange these. They are not cheap, but the flights over the Okavango Delta are spectacular.
Driving. The main highways (A1 from Gaborone to Francistown, A3 to Nata, A33 to Maun) are tarred and in good condition. Beyond the tarmac, roads are sand or gravel tracks. You need a 4x4 for the national parks, the delta approaches, the salt pans, and most of the Kalahari. Self-driving in the bush requires good preparation -- carry extra fuel, water, tyre repair kits, and a GPS or detailed maps. Mobile phone reception disappears quickly outside towns. Driving is on the left.
Car rental. Available in Gaborone, Maun, and Francistown from Avis, Europcar, and local companies. For bush travel, rent a fully equipped 4x4 with camping gear -- companies like Bush Trackers and Travel Adventures Botswana specialise in this. Book well ahead for the dry season.
Buses and combis. Regular bus services run between major towns along the tarred highways. Combis (minibuses) are cheap and frequent on popular routes but can be crowded and do not run to fixed schedules. Neither buses nor combis serve the national parks or remote areas.
Hitchhiking. Common among locals on rural routes but unreliable for long distances. Traffic is sparse on many roads.
Within the delta. Mokoros (traditional canoes), motorboats, and light aircraft are the main ways to move around. There are very few roads in the delta itself.