The Vilnius Picture Gallery on Didžioji Street holds the main collection of Lithuanian fine art, housed in a restored 17th-century Baroque palace. The collection covers Lithuanian painting from the 16th century to the 20th, with particular strength in the 19th and early 20th centuries when Lithuanian artists were navigating questions of national identity during Russian imperial rule.
The most celebrated work is typically the paintings of Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis, Lithuania's greatest painter and composer, whose symbolist canvases have a hallucinatory quality unlike almost anything else in European art of the period. The gallery also has Dutch and Flemish works from the 17th century, acquired when the Grand Duchy was at its height. Didžioji St. 4. Open Tue–Sat 11:00–18:00, Sun 11:00–16:00.