The largest surviving 19th-century panoramic painting in the world, displayed in the purpose-built rotunda where it has hung since 1881. Hendrik Willem Mesdag and his wife Sientje painted this 360-degree view of the seaside village of Scheveningen — 14 metres high and 120 metres in circumference — and the illusion is remarkably convincing. You stand on a raised platform in the centre and the painted sea, dunes, village, and sky surround you on all sides, blending seamlessly into a foreground of real sand and objects.
The effect predates cinema, VR, and every modern immersive experience by over a century, and it still works. The panorama is on Zeestraat, a short walk from the Mauritshuis. A visit takes about 30 minutes but stay longer than you expect to — the detail rewards close examination.