Venetian Walls of Peschiera

The star-shaped fortifications of Peschiera del Garda are one of the most complete examples of Venetian military architecture surviving anywhere. Built in the mid-sixteenth century to protect the western frontier of the Venetian Republic, they form a pentagonal ring of brick walls and grass-covered bastions enclosing the old town, with five gates piercing the perimeter. The walls were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2017 as part of the Venetian Works of Defence inscription.

A walk around the ramparts takes about an hour and is the single best thing to do in Peschiera. The bastions give changing views over the lake, the Mincio river, and the rooftops of the old town inside. Look out for the Porta Verona and the Porta Brescia, the two main land gates, both still bearing the carved lion of San Marco that marks Venetian dominion.

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Peschiera's star-shaped walls were built by the Republic of Venice between 1549 and 1553, replacing an earlier medieval castle. The pentagonal layout with five protruding bastions was the cutting edge of military architecture in the Renaissance, designed to deflect cannon fire and provide overlapping fields of artillery for the defenders. The walls held off French attacks during the Napoleonic Wars and Austrian sieges during the Italian Wars of Independence; today they enclose a town centre that has barely changed shape since the sixteenth century.

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