Varahicacos Ecological Reserve

At the eastern tip of the Hicacos Peninsula, away from the resort hotels, Varahicacos is a 730-acre protected area of coastal scrub, limestone outcrops, and native vegetation. It feels completely different from the resort strip — quieter, wilder, and genuinely interesting.

The main draws are the caves: Cueva Ambrosio has 47 pre-Columbian pictographs, and Cueva de los Musulmanes (named for the Muslim-influenced shapes of its stalactites) was an indigenous burial site. Walking trails pass through the scrubland, where cactus and wild orchids grow alongside one of the oldest living cacti in Cuba — a specimen estimated at over 500 years old. Guided tours are available at the reserve entrance.

things to do sight nature historic site
A story
Cueva Ambrosio, the main cave in the reserve, contains 47 pre-Columbian pictographs painted by the Ciboney people who inhabited the peninsula before European arrival. The paintings — geometric shapes, human figures, and abstract forms in ochre and black — were discovered in the 1960s and represent one of the most significant collections of indigenous art in the Caribbean. The cave was also used as a tomb.

Other places in Things to Do