The permanent collection covers 300,000 years of human presence in Saxony, from Palaeolithic tools through the Bronze Age, the Slavic medieval period, and into early modern times. The prehistoric material is especially strong, with well-labelled displays that don't talk down to visitors. The Saxon bog finds — preserved organic materials that rarely survive in dry sites — are among the highlights.
The Mendelsohn building is worth a visit in its own right. The restored facade's curved horizontal windows are the defining feature; inside, the exhibition designers have worked intelligently with the existing structure rather than fighting it. Allow at least two hours for the collection. The museum is a short walk from the Karl Marx Monument.