Panteão Nacional (National Pantheon)

A remarkable Baroque church in the Alfama that took 284 years to complete, now serving as Portugal's national pantheon — the burial place of presidents, explorers, and cultural figures. The white interior, with its vast central dome and polished pink marble floor, is one of the finest Baroque spaces in Portugal.

The cenotaphs (empty tombs) of Vasco da Gama, Afonso de Albuquerque, and Luís de Camões are here; the actual remains of Amália Rodrigues, the great fado singer, are also interred in the pantheon. The rooftop terrace offers excellent views across the Alfama, the river, and across to the Castelo hill. At Campo de Santa Clara, next to the Feira da Ladra flea market. Open Tuesday to Sunday.

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A story
Construction on this church began in 1682 and was not completed until 1966 — a 284-year building project so legendary for its endless delays that the Portuguese expression "works of the Pantheon" (obras do Panteão) became an idiom for any project that never gets finished. The dome was finally added in the 1960s under the Estado Novo regime, which promptly used the completed building to inter Salazar's favourite collaborators.

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